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A double-hurdle model of Irish households' foodservice expenditure patterns AgEcon
Keelan, Conor D.; Henchion, Maeve M.; Newman, Carol F..
The aim of this paper is to analyse the various factors fuelling demand for Food- Away - From- Home (FAFH) in Ireland. The two largest components of this industry, the quick- service sector (fast food and takeaway) and the full- service sector (hotel and restaurant meals), are analysed using the most recently available Household Budget Survey data for Ireland. The results from a Box- Cox double hurdle model indicate that different variables affect expenditure in the different sectors in different ways. Income has a greater effect on full- service expenditure than on quick- service. Similarly households that are healthconscious indicate a greater preference for full- service meals while households with higher time values indicate a greater preference for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Foodservice; Food- Away- From- Home; Quick- service; Fullservice; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D12; D13; C34; R2.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10083
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BAYES' ESTIMATES OF THE DOUBLE HURDLE MODEL IN THE PRESENCE OF FIXED COSTS AgEcon
Holloway, Garth J.; Barrett, Christopher B.; Ehui, Simeon K..
We present a model of market adoption (participation) where the presence of non-negligible fixed costs leads to non-zero censoring of the traditional double-hurdle regression. Fixed costs arise due to household resources that must be devoted a priori to the decision to participate in the market. These costs-usually a cost of time-motivate two-step decision-making and focus attentions on the minimum-efficient scale of operations (the minimum amount of milk sales) at which market entry becomes viable. This focus, in turn, motivates a non-zero-censored Tobit regression estimated through routine application of Markov chain Monte Carlo Methods.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Market participation; Fixed costs; Double-hurdle model; Censored regression.; Financial Economics; O1; O11; C34; O13; Q16; D1.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14741
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Bayesian Estimation of a Censored AIDS Model for Whole Grain Products AgEcon
Ishdorj, Ariun; Jensen, Helen H..
When using household-level data in examining consumer's demand it is common to find that consumers purchase only a subset of the available goods, setting the demand for the remaining goods to zero. Ignoring such censoring of the dependent variables in the estimation can lead to biased parameter estimates. In this paper we investigate the household's demand for six types of whole grain and non-whole grain breakfast cereals and products using a censored Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) and estimate the parameters of the demand system via Bayesian methods. Using 2006 ACNielsen Homescan data we find that demand for whole grain and non-whole grain ready-to-eat cereals is less responsive to changes in prices; demand for whole-grain bars and non-whole grain hot...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: AIDS model; Bayesian econometrics; Censored; Cereals; Whole grains; Demand and Price Analysis; C11; C34; D12.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6075
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Children’s Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables: Do School Environment and Policies Affect Choice in School Meals? AgEcon
Ishdorj, Ariun; Crepinsek, Mary Kay; Jensen, Helen H..
Considering most children spend a majority of their weekdays at school and, on average, obtain more than one-third of their daily caloric intake from meals consumed at school during the school year, school is a natural place to implement nutrition policies that would help develop healthy eating habits and improve health and well-being of children. At the same time, local school meal policies may influence what foods are offered and how the foods are prepared. In this regard, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) two school meal programs can play an important role in children’s diets and food habit formation and thus positively influence children’s health. The focus of our research is children’s intakes of fruits and vegetables by location of...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Food Assistance; Fruits and Vegetables; School Meals; Endogeneity; Censoring; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; C11; C34; C36.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123534
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Consumer Demand for Meat Cuts and Seafood AgEcon
Davis, Christopher G.; Lin, Biing-Hwan; Yen, Steven T..
Household at-home consumption of different types and cuts of meat and fish products is investigated by estimating a large censored demand system with a two-step procedure using ACNielsen's Homescan data. We find different price and expenditure elasticities between low-income and high-income households. High income households are less responsive to price changes, and the substitution patterns also differ between the low- and high-income households. Whereas the uncompensated elasticities suggest a mixture of gross substitutes and complements among the products for both low- and high-income households, the compensated elasticities suggest net substitution is the obvious pattern for the low-income households.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Censored dependent variables; Sample selection model; Meat; Fish; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D12; C34.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9855
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DEMAND FOR BREAKFAST CEREALS: WHOLE GRAINS GUIDANCE AND FOOD CHOICE AgEcon
Ishdorj, Ariun; Jensen, Helen H..
When using household-level data to examine consumer demand it is common to find that consumers purchase only a subset of the available goods, setting the demand for the remaining goods to zero. Ignoring such censoring of the dependent variables can lead to estimators with poor statistical properties and estimates that lead to poor policy decisions. In this paper we investigate household demand for four types of breakfast cereals, such as whole grain ready-to-eat, non-whole grain ready-to-eat, whole grain hot and non-whole grain hot cereals, using a censored Al- most Ideal Demand System (AIDS) and estimate the parameters of the model via Bayesian methods. Using household level scanner data (ACNielsen Homescan) we find that demand for all types of breakfast...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: AIDS model; Bayesian econometrics; Censored; Cereals; Whole grains; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C11; C34; D12.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116445
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Does Farm Size Really Converge? The Role of Unobserved Farm Efficiency AgEcon
Dolev, Yuval; Kimhi, Ayal.
We analyze the growth of family farms in Israeli cooperative villages between 1981 and 1995, using longitudinal data. We use instrumental variables to account for the endogeneity of initial farm size, and correct for selectivity due to farm survival. We also include a technical efficiency index, derived from the estimation of a stochastic frontier production model, as an explanatory variable. We find that technical efficiency is an important determinant of farm growth, and that not controlling for technical efficiency could seriously bias the results. The size distribution of Israeli family farms is found to be mostly diverging, while without technical efficiency farm growth seemed to be predominantly random.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Farm size; Farm growth; Farm survival; Instrumental variables; Sample selection; Technical efficiency; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; Q12; L25; C34.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45778
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Eating Out in the British Isles AgEcon
Keelan, Conor D.; Henchion, Maeve M.; Newman, Carol F..
This paper presents a comparative analysis of the foodservice industries in both Ireland and the UK. Each industry is analysed separately using the most recently available Household Budget Survey datasets for Ireland and the most recent Expenditure and Food Datasets for the UK and is disaggregated into quick-service (fast food and takeaway) and full-service (hotel and restaurant meals), the two largest components of each industry. A double hurdle model, adjusted for misspecification, is used in this analysis. A number of variables affect both dependent variables in the same way, for example, income and age and the number of workers variable, but differences are apparent throughout the discussion. Perhaps the most interesting point to highlight is how...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food-Away-From-Home; Quick-service; Full-service; Double Hurdle Model; Box-Cox Transformation.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D12; D13; C34; R2..
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36859
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Economic Hysteresis in Variety Selection AgEcon
Richards, Timothy J.; Green, Gareth P..
Investing in a new perennial crop variety involves an irreversible commitment of capital and generates an uncertain return stream. As a result, the decision to adopt a new variety includes a significant real option value. Waiting for returns to rise above this real option causes a delay in adoption because of economic hysteresis. This study tests for hysteresis in the adoption of wine grape varieties using a sample of district-level data from the state of California. The empirical results show a significant hysteretic effect in wine grape investment, which might be reduced by activities that smooth earnings over time.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: California; Grapes; Hysteresis; Investment; Jump diffusion; Real options; Variety adoption; Wine; Q14; Q11; D92; C34.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37310
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ECONOMIC INCENTIVES FOR DIETARY IMPROVEMENT AMONG FOOD STAMP RECIPIENTS AgEcon
Lin, Biing-Hwan; Yen, Steven T.; Dong, Diansheng; Smallwood, David M..
Most Americans need to consume more fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. This need is particularly acute among low-income individuals. The objective of this study is to examine the cost effectiveness of two economic policies that use alternative policy levers available within the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (formerly Food Stamp Program) to increase consumption of these under-consumed foods. Data from three nationally representative surveys are used to estimate demand elasticities, marginal propensity to spend on food out of food stamp benefits, and consumption amount of and spending on under-consumed foods among food stamp recipients. Results of the analyses suggest that a 10% price subsidy would curtail consumption deficiencies by 4–7% at...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: CEX; SNAP; Price subsidy; NHANES; NFSPS; Vegetables; Milk; Fruits; Food stamps; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; C34; D12; Q18.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53339
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Effects of Traceability on the Italian Fresh Vegetables Market: A Demand System Simulation AgEcon
Caracciolo, Francesco; Cembalo, Luigi.
Traceability can serve various purposes in the food sector, including that of chain quality control. However, the aspects that seem to be most frequently required of traceability are those related to food safety. Nevertheless, traceability systems development has recently shifted its focus from the major aspects of food safety to a price premium search approach. Although such an approach often appears to lie behind production strategies, there is no technical or theoretical evidence to support it: traceability systems do not guarantee, per se, quality. On the other hand, a rigorous traceability system that pursues multiple objectives involves costly procedures that are very likely to feed all the way up to the consumer side. The mainstream literature is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Traceability; Early potato; Censored demand system estimation; Sample selection approach; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; D12; C31; C34.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100503
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Estimation of a Censored AIDS Model: A Simulated Amemiya-Tobin Approach AgEcon
Dong, Diansheng; Kaiser, Harry M..
Kuhn-Tucker approach and its dual have been proposed to the demand system estimation when there are non-negativity bindings. However, empirical researchers have been struggling two decades in applying this method into practice due to: (1) the difficulty in derivation of a coherent econometric model, and (2) the cumbersome evaluation of high order probability integrals needed in parameter estimation. In this paper, we avoid the above two issues by using the Amemiya-Tobin demand system approach and the simulation procedure to evaluate the probability integrals. An AIDS model is estimated and the elasticities are obtained that are impossible to achieve when using Kuhn-Tucker approach. The model is applied to an analysis of Canadian household food demand.
Tipo: Technical Report Palavras-chave: Amemiya-Tobin; Censored demand system; AIDS model; Probability simulation; Canadian household food demand; Demand and Price Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C34; D12.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122113
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ESTIMATION OF CENSORED LA/AIDS MODEL WITH ENDOGENOUS UNIT VALUES AgEcon
Dong, Diansheng; Kaiser, Harry M.; Myrland, Oystein.
In this study, we develop and estimate a censored LA/AIDS model using household-level purchase data. In addition to imposing non-negativitity constraints, we account for the endogeneity of unit value. We address the non-negativity issue using an Amemiya-Tobin approach, which imposes the adding-up condition on both observed and latent shares. We address the endogeneity of unit value by estimating share equations and unit value equations simultaneously. Given the need to evaluate high-order probability integrals, we use a simulated probability method in the model estimation. This model is applied to estimate and analyze a demand system featuring six fish and three meat commodities, using Norwegian household data.
Tipo: Technical Report Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C34; D12..
Ano: 2003 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122119
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Farm Income Variability and the Supply of Off-Farm Labor by Limited-Resource Farmers AgEcon
Vergara, Oscar; Coble, Keith H.; Patrick, George F.; Knight, Thomas O.; Baquet, Alan E..
We study the relationship between the off-farm labor decision and the limited-resource farmers’ and spouses’ off-farm experience, education, and sources of income. We found that farmers’ and spouses’ off-farm experience and wages are significant factors in explaining the off-farm labor supply decision. Contrary to expectations, farm income variability is not significant in the farmers’ and spouses’ decision to see off-farm work. The off-farm labor supply of farmers and their spouses is negatively correlated with income transfers from the government. It was also found that the spouse is a residual supplier of on-farm and off-farm labor.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Farm income variability; Limited-resource farmer; Off-farm work; Tobit regression; C34; D19; D81; J15; Q18.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43394
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Health Insurance and Joint Off‐Farm Labor Allocation Decisions of Farm Families AgEcon
D'Antoni, Jeremy M.; Mishra, Ashok K..
Contact author to request a copy of this paper.
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Health insurance coverage; Endogeneity; Copula; Off-farm labor supply; Dependence; Bivariate tobit; Coupled farm programs payments; Decoupled farm program payments; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Public Economics; C34; I13; J12; J22; J38; J43; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119646
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Household food expenditures in the United States: A Bayesian MCMC approach to censored equation systems AgEcon
Kasteridis, Panagiotis P.; Yen, Steven T..
We apply a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique, along with data augmentation to accommodate censoring in the dependent variables, to the estimation of a large expenditure system of food expenditures. Our finding of significant error covariance estimates justifies estimation of the system in improving statistical efficiency. Income, household composition, regions and other socio-demographic variables are found to play significant roles in determining household food expenditures.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Bayesian MCMC; Censored equation system; Consumer Expenditure Survey; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; C11; C34; D12; C11; C34; D12.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61763
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INFLUENCES OF THE GOVERNMENTAL MARKET INTERVENTIONS ON WHEAT MARKETS IN SERBIA DURING THE FOOD CRISIS 2007/2008 AgEcon
Djuric, Ivan; Goetz, Linde; Glauben, Thomas.
This paper analyzes how the market interventions of the Serbian government during the food crisis 2007/2008, inter alia a de facto export ban, have affected domestic wheat markets. Besides a comprehensive description of the crisis policy and its effects on the Serbian wheat market, we investigate how it influences the equilibrium and stability of the Serbian wheat market and its integration with the world market within a price transmission model. Applying a Markov-switching error correction model to weekly wheat grower prices in Serbia and world market prices, two states of the wheat market are identified. Our results suggest that although the long-run price elasticity did not change during the crisis, the market equilibrium was disrupted and the market...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: International market integration; Markov-Switching Error Correction Model; Serbia; Wheat market; World market price transmission; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; C34; Q11; Q13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114438
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Micro-Demand Systems Analysis of Non-Alcoholic Beverages in the United States: An Application of Econometric Techniques Dealing With Censoring AgEcon
Alviola, Pedro A., IV; Capps, Oral, Jr.; Wu, Ximing.
A censored Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) and a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) were estimated in modeling non-alcoholic beverages. Five estimation techniques were used, including the conventional Iterated Seemingly Unrelated Regression (ITSUR), two-stage methods such as the Heien and Wessells (1990) and the Shonkwiler and Yen (1999) approaches, the generalized maximum entropy method and the Amemiya-Tobin framework of Dong, Gould and Kaiser (2004). Our results based on various specifications and estimation techniques are quantitatively similar and indicate that price elasticity estimates have a greater variability in more highly censored non-alcoholic beverage items such as tea, coffee and bottled water as opposed to less censored...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Censored demand systems; AIDS; QUAIDS; Two-Step Methods; Generalized Maximum Entropy; Amemiya-Tobin Framework; Non-Alcoholic Beverages; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; C34; D12.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60462
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New Results On Censored Regression with Applications to Transactions Costs, Household Decisions and Food Purchases AgEcon
Holloway, Garth J.; Mazzocchi, Mario; Perali, Carlo Federico.
We generalize the Tobit censored regression to permit unique unobserved censoring thresholds conditioned by covariates and a set of common response coefficients. This situation , we argue, is one arising frequently in applications of censored regression and we provide three diverse examples to motivate the theory. We derive a robust estimation algorithm with three noteworthy features. First, by augmenting the observed-data likelihood with the censored observations, the estimation strategy is the same as Chib (1992) who derives Bayes estimates of the conventional censored regression. Second, by virtue of its generality, the model is applicable to a much broader set of circumstances than the conventional Tobit regression, which is nested as a special case of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Conditionally censored Tobit regression; Bayes inference; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; O11; C34; O13.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25293
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Pesticides Uses in Crop Production: What Can We Learn from French Farmers Practices? AgEcon
Fadhuile, Adelaide; Lemarie, Stephane; Pirotte, Alain.
This article focuses on the demand system of French farmers concerning pesticides uses. We estimate the demand elasticities of herbicides, insecticides and fungicides with respect to pesticide expenditure, and considering crop differentiation. Then we compare two indexes that are used in agronomic literature to measure the intensity of pesticides uses. We retain a Linear Approximated Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) specification. A Full-Information Maximum Likelihood estimation procedure is used for dealing with the problem of censored dependent variable. We consider two cross-sections observed in 2001 and 2006 covering pesticides uses of three crops. We confirm the previous results of the literature that farmers response to price variation is very...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Pesticides; LA/AIDS; Elasticities; Censored System of Equations; Two-Step procedure; Quasi Maximum Likelihood; Full-Information Maximum Likelihood.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; C30; C31; C34; L11; Q11; Q12.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103654
Registros recuperados: 24
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